Membangun Skema Ekolabel Perikanan Nasional sebagai Wujud Perlindungan terhadap Hak Nelayan dan Sumber Daya Perikanan [Building the National Fisheries Ecolabeling Scheme as Form of Protection of Fishermen Rights and Fisheries Resources]
Andre Notohamijoyo, Martani Huseini, Raldi H. Koestoer, Syafril Fauzi
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Abstract
World Bank & FAO state that 75 percent of global fisheries resources face the threat of depletion or reduced stock due to excessive fishing and environmental damage. Indonesia also has a similar situation. It encouraged a number of parties to push for a mechanism for controlling the production and consumption of sustainable through ecolabeling. There are many weaknesses in the implementation of the certification system in developing countries. The lack of protection for fishermen’s rights is one of the main problems of ecolabeling. The aim of study is to see the importance and priority of each ecolabel scheme that effectively promotes sustainable fisheries management. This study uses a mixed-method with a purposive sampling-based Delphi and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The results indicate that the national ecolabel scheme is a priority choice of stakeholders including small fishermen in Indonesia. The trust of stakeholders is the basic capital in its preparation. The Indonesian government through the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries needs to immediately initiate the national ecolabel scheme. Another challenge is how to develop the national fisheries ecolabeling as a brand of sustainable fishery products and encourages the welfare of fishermen.
Keywords: fisheries ecolabel, small scale fishermen, fishermen rights, stakeholder support
Abstrak
World Bank dan FAO menyatakan bahwa sejak tahun 2006 sebesar 75 persen sumber daya perikanan global mengalami ancaman deplesi atau penurunan stok akibat praktik penangkapan yang berlebihan dan merusak lingkungan. Indonesia juga menghadapi hal serupa di mana kelestarian sumber daya perikanan terancam akibat praktik penangkapan berlebih, merusak, dan ilegal. Kondisi tersebut mendorong dilakukannya mekanisme pengendalian produksi dan konsumsi berkelanjutan melalui ecolabelling. Namun demikian penerapan sistem sertifikasi tersebut di negara berkembang menemui banyak kendala. Minimnya perlindungan terhadap hak nelayan menjadi salah satu masalah utama ekolabel perikanan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat bobot kepentingan dan prioritas masing-masing skema ekolabel yang efektif mendorong pengelolaan perikanan yang lestari. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah mixed method dengan metode Delphi berbasis purposive sampling serta metode Analytic Hierarcy Process (AHP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa skema ekolabel nasional menjadi prioritas pilihan stakeholder termasuk nelayan kecil di Indonesia. Kepercayaan stakeholder terhadap skema ekolabel perikanan nasional menjadi modal dasar dalam penyusunannya. Pemerintah Indonesia, melalui Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan, perlu segera melakukan inisiasi skema ekolabel perikanan tersebut. Tantangan lainnya adalah bagaimana mengembangkan ekolabel perikanan nasional sebagai sebuah merek produk perikanan yang berkelanjutan dan mendorong peningkatan kesejahteraan nelayan.
Kata kunci: ekolabel perikanan, nelayan kecil, hak nelayan, dukungan stakeholder
Keywords
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PDFReferences
Buku:
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Disertasi:
Notohamijoyo, A. (2016). Penerapan prinsip-prinsip pembangunan berkelanjutan pada seritifikat ekolabel perikanan (Studi kasus kegagalan penerapan Marine Stewardship Council di Indonesia). Disertasi. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia.
Makalah:
KKP. (2014). Policy paper of ASEAN tuna ecolabelling. The 5th ASEAN Tuna Working Group Meeting “Building One ASEAN identity on Sustainable Tuna”, 29-31 October 2014, Bali.
Koran:
Notohamijoyo, A. (2018a). The great momentum of ASEAN tuna ecolabelling. The Jakarta Post, 1 November 2018.
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