Jaminan Kehilangan Pekerjaan Dampak Pandemi Covid-19: Pengaturan, Manfaat, dan Perbandingannya dengan Negara Lain (Job Loss Insurance Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic: Regulations, Benefits, and Comparisons with Other Countries)
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic caused the world economy to experience a sharp recession of 4.4% to 5.2%. The labor market is one affected sector marked with a high rate of layoffs. One of the government’s efforts to overcome this phenomenon is by adopting a job loss insurance scheme. This research discusses the background of the job loss insurance regulation and system in Indonesia and how job loss insurance could overcome the impact of layoffs due to economic recession. The method used in this research is normative juridical legal research. In analyzing legal materials, this research uses qualitative descriptive analysis. Job loss insurance is an assurance provided to those who were affected. When workers experience layoffs, they will receive benefits of cash, access to market information, and job training. It was found that a job loss insurance scheme could accelerate former workers to find permanent employment and prevent them from losing their motivation to seek a job. Studies on the implementation of job loss insurance in other countries show that the job loss insurance scheme effectively reduces unemployment numbers, especially during the time of economic recession. As a suggestion from this research, the job loss insurance needs to be socialized, and the job training needs to be adjusted to market demand to fully benefiting the workers.
Abstrak
Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan pertumbuhan perekonomian dunia mengalami resesi tajam yaitu kisaran 4,4%-5,2%. Pasar kerja menjadi salah satu sektor yang terdampak ditandai dengan tingginya angka pemutusan hubungan kerja (PHK). Salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk mengatasi gejala ini adalah dengan pengadopsian skema jaminan kehilangan pekerjaan. Artikel ini membahas latar belakang diadakannya jaminan kehilangan pekerjaan serta sistemnya di Indonesia dan cara skema jaminan kehilangan pekerjaan dapat menanggulangi dampak pemutusan hubungan kerja akibat resesi ekonomi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum yuridis normatif. Dalam menganalisis bahan hukum, penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Jaminan kehilangan pekerjaan merupakan bentuk jaminan sosial yang diberikan kepada pekerja yang mengalami pemutusan hubungan kerja. Apabila pekerja mengalami PHK, pekerja akan menerima manfaat berupa uang tunai, akses informasi pasar kerja, dan pelatihan kerja. Ditemukan bahwa skema jaminan kehilangan pekerjaan dapat mempercepat eks pekerja mendapatkan pekerjaan permanen dan mencegah eks pekerja kehilangan motivasinya untuk mencari kerja. Studi pelaksanaan unemployment insurance di negara lain menunjukkan bahwa skema unemployment insurance efektif dalam mengatasi jumlah pengangguran, khususnya dalam masa resesi ekonomi. Sebagai saran dari penelitian ini, skema jaminan kehilangaan pekerjaan perlu disosialisasikan dan pelatihan kerjanya disesuaikan dengan permintaan pasar agar benar-benar memberikan manfaatnya.
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