Enhancing Indonesia-EU Relations: Balancing AI Regulation, National Security, and Economic Growth In a Digital Age [Meningkatkan Hubungan Indonesia-Eropa: Menyeimbangkan Regulasi AI, Keamanan Nasional, dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Era Digital]

Cecep Mustafa, Rita Komalasari
10.22212/jp.v16i1.4725
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Abstract

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into national security frameworks has introduced transformative opportunities and challenges, particularly within the European Union (EU). While the EU's AI Act represents a milestone in regulating AI technologies, its national security exception raises significant concerns about oversight, accountability, and compliance. This study examines the implications of this exception for Indonesia-EU relations, focusing on AI governance and its intersection with national security. Using a literature study method, the research analyzes comparative legal frameworks, highlighting the EU's approach and its relevance to Indonesia. The findings underscore critical gaps in Indonesia's AI governance, including the need for robust oversight mechanisms and alignment with international standards. The study concludes that fostering bilateral collaboration, strengthening regulatory frameworks, and balancing security with human rights are essential for advancing AI governance in Indonesia while enhancing its partnership with the EU. These insights offer a practical roadmap for policymakers and contribute to the evolving discourse on equitable and accountable AI regulation.
Abstrak
Integrasi kecerdasan buatan (AI) dalam kerangka kerja keamanan nasional telah memperkenalkan peluang dan tantangan transformatif, khususnya di Uni Eropa (UE). Meskipun UU AI Uni Eropa merupakan tonggak penting dalam mengatur teknologi AI, pengecualian keamanan nasionalnya menimbulkan kekhawatiran signifikan mengenai pengawasan, akuntabilitas, dan kepatuhan. Penelitian ini mengkaji implikasi pengecualian ini terhadap hubungan Indonesia-UE, dengan fokus pada tata kelola AI dan persimpangannya dengan keamanan nasional. Menggunakan metode studi literatur, penelitian ini menganalisis kerangka hukum komparatif, menyoroti pendekatan UE dan relevansinya bagi Indonesia. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan adanya celah kritis dalam tata kelola AI Indonesia, termasuk kebutuhan akan mekanisme pengawasan yang kuat dan keselarasan dengan standar internasional. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa memperkuat kolaborasi bilateral, memperkuat kerangka regulasi, dan menyeimbangkan keamanan dengan hak asasi manusia adalah hal yang penting untuk memajukan tata kelola AI di Indonesia sambil meningkatkan kemitraannya dengan UE. Wawasan ini menawarkan peta jalan praktis bagi pembuat kebijakan dan berkontribusi pada diskursus yang berkembang tentang regulasi AI yang adil dan akuntabel.

Keywords

AI Governance; Indonesia-EU Relations; National Security; Oversight Mechanisms; Regulation; Tata Kelola AI; Hubungan Indonesia-UE; Keamanan Nasional; Mekanisme Pengawasan; Regulasi.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22212/jp.v16i1.4725
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