Evolusi Konsep Tata Kelola Pemerintah: Sound Governance, Dynamic Governance dan Open Government
Lesmana Rian Andhika
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Abstract
Konsep tata kelola pemerintahan dari good governance, sound governance, dynamic governance, dan open government merupakan sebuah konsep rujukan yang dianggap dapat mengelola aktivitas pemerintahan dengan baik. Konsep tata kelola pemerintah apa pun yang diadopsi menyiratkan untuk menolak berbagai bentuk aktivitas pemerintah yang didasari dari kegiatan otoritarian, korupsi, kolusi, dan nepotisme yang akan membuka peluang tindakan-tindakan jahat lainnya dalam melaksanakan aktivitas pemerintah. Tujuan penelitian ini berusaha memberikan kontribusi pengetahuan dengan mengeksplorasi konseptual teoritis dan membandingkan di antara konsep tersebut dari literatur ilmiah yang relevan, berbagai argumentasi mengungkapkan belum tentu konsep tata kelola pemerintah yang diadopsi bisa dan sukses dilaksanakan pada tempat yang berlainan. Artikel penelitian ini merupakan synthesis of qualitative research, dengan menggunakan metode meta-theory (the analysis of theory). Penelitian ini berusaha untuk mengidentifikasi beberapa bukti tertulis yang ada mengenai tema penelitian. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan, tata kelola pemerintah diadopsi karena kebutuhan untuk merespon berbagai masalah aktivitas pemerintah. Berbagai model tata kelola pemerintah itu muncul akibat adanya pemikiran baru untuk mengisi kekurangan dari konsep yang telah ada sebelumnya dengan pendekatan dan fokus yang berbeda. Hasil lain juga mengungkapkan bahwa konsep tata kelola pemerintah memiliki intisari dan merujuk kepada inovasi pemerintah sebagai upaya untuk mengelola aktivitas pemerintah, dan berkontribusi menghadirkan pelayanan publik yang baik. Konsep tata kelola pemerintah akan tidak bermakna apabila dijalankan oleh orang-orang dengan kualitas sumber daya manusia rendah, tidak cerdas, dan tidak responsif. Kata kunci: perbandingan, tata kelola, inovasi, pemerintahan
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