Quo Vadis Undang-Undang Hak Cipta Indonesia: Perbandingan Konsep Ciptaan Artificial Intelligence di Beberapa Negara (Quo Vadis Indonesian Copyright Law: Comparison of Artificial Intelligence Creation Concepts in Several Countries)
Rahmadi Indra Tektona
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Abstract
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) systems in production are expected in this era of sophisticated technology. However, there are deep concerns that AI technology will run out of control. With advanced technology, it was only a matter of time these systems began to produce amazing inventions without human intervention. This raises questions regarding intellectual property rights because it is not only disrupting the concept of copyright but also leads to questions related to the relevance of the Copyright Law, which, however, is considered lagging in responding to this development of AI. Through a conceptual approach and using normative, doctrinal legal research methods, and comparative studies, as well as using qualitative analysis techniques, this article argues that a conceptualization and redefinition of the regulation and legal framework related to copyright is needed as well as presenting social and legal tools to control the functions and outcomes of AI system. The recommendation in this article, the Government, should be aware of the great urgency of providing incentives needed by programmers and AI owners to stimulate future development and investment in AI. To accommodate AI-generated works, the Government needs to redesign the Indonesian Copyright Law to accommodate copyright issues, moral and economic rights, and the protection period for AI-created works; and consider adopting the use of the work made for hire concept.
Abstrak
Penggunaan sistem artificial intelligence (AI) dalam produksi merupakan hal biasa di era teknologi yang serba canggih. Namun, ada keprihatinan yang mendalam bahwa teknologi AI akan menjadi tidak terkendali. Dengan teknologi canggih, hanya masalah waktu sistem ini mulai menghasilkan penemuan yang luar biasa tanpa campur tangan manusia. Hal ini menimbulkan pertanyaan terkait hak kekayaan intelektual karena tidak hanya mendisrupsi konsep hak cipta, tetapi juga mengarah pada munculnya pertanyaan terkait relevansi UU Hak Cipta yang bagaimanapun dinilai tertinggal dalam merespon perkembangan AI ini. Melalui pendekatan konseptual dan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, doktrinal, dan studi perbandingan, serta menggunakan teknik analisis kualitatif, artikel ini berpendapat bahwa dibutuhkan sebuah konseptualisasi dan redefinisi terhadap regulasi dan kerangka hukum terkait hak cipta serta menghadirkan alat sosial dan hukum untuk mengontrol fungsi dan hasil sistem AI. Saran dalam artikel ini, Pemerintah harus sadar akan urgensi besar pemberian insentif yang dibutuhkan oleh pemrogram dan pemilik AI untuk merangsang pengembangan dan investasi masa depan di bidang AI. Untuk mengakomodasi karya yang dihasilkan AI, Pemerintah perlu mendesain ulang UU Hak Cipta Indonesia agar mampu mengakomodasi masalah hak cipta, hak moral dan ekonomi, dan jangka waktu perlindungan terhadap karya kreasi AI; serta mempertimbangkan untuk mengadopsi penggunaan konsep work made for hire.
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