The Legislative Role in The Budgeting Process in Indonesia (Peran Badan Legislatif Dalam Proses Penganggaran Negara Di Indonesia)

mei susanto
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Abstract

In the budgeting process, generally accepted the executive has a role in drafting the state budget and then presenting it to the legislature. The legislative bodies have the right to discuss, debate, and even in some cases make amend, then give approval or rejection of the executive's state budget proposal. The right of the legislative bodies in practice will different, there are three forms: budget making, capacity to amend or reject the executive’s budget proposal and capacity to formulate a budget of its own; budget influencing, capacity to amend or reject the executive's budget proposal, but lacks the capacity to formulate and substitute budget of its own; budget approving, lacks the capacity to amend or reject the executive's budget proposal or to formulate a budget of its own. This article discusses the role of Indonesian legislative bodies namely the House of Representatives (DPR) and the Regional Representative Council (DPD) in the budgeting process. DPR has a strong role in discussing, amend and accepting or rejecting but weak in the capacity to arrange its own budget so-called budget influence, compared DPD which only gives a consideration so-called budget approving. This article suggests a strong and balanced repositioning of the DPR and DPD roles, thereby creating double checks, budget revisions, delays in constitutional important, public debate and resulting in a favorable budget for the people. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the capacity and supporting resources for the DPR and DPD in order to be equivalent to the executive in budget discussions so as to become the legislative budget making.

Abstrak

Saat ini, hampir di seluruh sistem ketatanegaraan di berbagai negara, secara umum disepakati bahwa lembaga eksekutif memiliki peran fundamental dalam menyusun draf anggaran negara untuk kemudian dipresentasikan kepada lembaga legislatif. Lembaga legislatif kemudian memiliki hak untuk membahas, memperdebatkan, dan dalam beberapa kasus melakukan perubahan, untuk kemudian memberikan persetujuan atau penolakan terhadap proposal anggaran dari lembaga eksekutif. Hak lembaga legislatif tersebut, dalam praktiknya akan berbeda-beda. Secara umum terdapat tiga bentuk hak lembaga legislatif di antaranya: budget making, legislatif memiliki kapasitas untuk menerima atau menolak proposal anggaran dari eksekutif serta memiliki kemampuan memformulasikan anggaran secara sendiri; budget influencing, legislatif memiliki kapasitas menerima atau menolak proposal anggaran dari eksekutif namun lemah dalam memformulasikan anggaran secara sendiri; dan budget approving, legislatif tidak memiliki kapasitas menerima atau menolak proposal anggaran dari eksekutif termasuk memformulasikan anggaran secara sendiri. Artikel ini membahas peran lembaga legislatif Indonesia yaitu DPR dan DPD dalam proses penganggaran. DPR memiliki peran kuat yakni membahas, mengubah, dan menerima atau menolak namun lemah dalam kapasitas menyusun anggarannya sendiri sehingga disebut budget influencing, dibandingkan DPD yang hanya memberikan pertimbangan sehingga disebut budget approving. Artikel ini menyarankan agar ada reposisi peran DPR dan DPD yang lebih kuat dan berimbang, sehingga akan dapat menciptakan pengawasan ganda, revisi penganggaran yang diperlukan, penundaan anggaran yang memiliki kepentingan konstitusi, debat publik, dan menghasilkan anggaran yang berpihak pada rakyat. Selain itu, diperlukan penguatan kapasitas dan sumber daya pendukung bagi DPR dan DPD agar dapat setara dengan eksekutif dalam pembahasan anggaran sehingga mampu menjadi lembaga legislatif pembentuk anggaran (budget making).

 

 

Keywords

Budgeting; House of Representatives; Regional Representative Council; Indonesia; Legislative Role; Penganggaran; DPD; DPR; Indonesia; Peran Lembaga Legislatif.

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References

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